Ranking · 191 countries · 2024
Carbon intensity of electricity by country (2024)
Turkmenistan had the highest carbon intensity of electricity in 2024, at 1,306.3 gCO2e/kWh, followed by Uzbekistan (1,040.1 gCO2e/kWh) and Kosovo (924.4 gCO2e/kWh). The ranking compares 191 countries on 2024 figures from Ember. Ethiopia ranked last of the 191, at 23.4 gCO2e/kWh.
How this ranking is built. Indicator: Carbon intensity of electricity generation · Topic: Carbon intensity of electricity · Industry: Electricity and Gas Utilities · Period: 2024. Only verified actual figures and estimates for that one period are ranked, so every row is comparable; forecasts are not ranked, and world or regional totals are shown as reference, not ranked. Countries are ranked highest carbon intensity first, so the cleanest grids appear at the bottom. Every row uses the same calendar year so ranks are comparable; a later year published for some countries is left out of the rank rather than mixed into the table. Ember reports gCO2/kWh; this series is stored as gCO2e/kWh. Only Ember’s yearly electricity data is ranked: the IEA publishes a different global figure for the same indicator and is not mixed into the table. 10 other countries have data only for other periods and are omitted.
Visualised
Ranked chart
Carbon intensity of electricity generation by country
2024 · 12 highest of 191 countries
Estimates are included; each record's type is listed below.
World map
2024 · gCO2e/kWh. Grey means no observation on this map. Small territories remain in the table.
Sources: the same published records as the ranking. Geometry: Natural Earth, public domain. Download SVG.
The table
Country ranking
Rank · country · value · change on the same period a year earlier · source. Values in gCO2e/kWh.
Ranks 1–50 of 191 countries. Page 1 of 4.
Frequently asked questions
Which country has the highest carbon intensity of electricity?
Turkmenistan, at 1,306.3 gCO2e/kWh in 2024, ahead of Uzbekistan (1,040.1 gCO2e/kWh) and Kosovo (924.4 gCO2e/kWh), among 191 countries ranked on 2024 figures from Ember.
Which country has the lowest carbon intensity of electricity?
Ethiopia, at 23.4 gCO2e/kWh in 2024, then Bhutan (23.6 gCO2e/kWh).
What does this ranking measure?
Emissions intensity of electricity generation, measured as greenhouse gas emissions in carbon dioxide equivalent (gCO2e) per kilowatt-hour of electricity generated.
Which countries are included?
191 countries with 2024 figures: Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Kosovo, Bahrain, Brunei, Botswana, Libya, Mongolia, Kazakhstan, South Africa, Congo and India and 179 more. 10 other countries published figures only for other periods and are left out, so every row compares the same period.
Where does the data come from?
From Ember. Every value links to its record, which quotes the table or sentence it was read from. Actual figures and published estimates are ranked; forecasts are left out.
Cite & reuse
Cite this ranking
Published under CC BY 4.0.
StatOrigin. (2026). Carbon intensity of electricity by country, 2024. Retrieved from https://statorigin.org/rankings/carbon-intensity-of-electricity-by-country